5/27/2023 0 Comments Idatabase ninox review![]() ![]() In 1786, it included Norfolk Island as an auxiliary settlement, as proposed by John Call, in its plan for colonisation of the Colony of New South Wales. Several stopgap measures proved ineffective, and the government announced in December 1785 that it would send convicts to parts of what is now known as Australia. Sir John Call argued the advantages of Norfolk Island in that it was uninhabited and that New Zealand flax grew there.Īfter the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1776 halted penal transportation to the Thirteen Colonies, British prisons started to overcrowd. He named it after Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk. The first European known to have sighted and landed on the island was Captain James Cook, on 10 October 1774, on his second voyage to the South Pacific on HMS Resolution. Ultimately, the relative isolation of the island, and its poor horticultural environment, were not favourable to long-term settlement. Human occupation must have ceased at least a few hundred years before Europeans arrived in the late 18th century. However, both Polynesian and Melanesian artefacts have been found, so it is possible that people from New Caledonia, relatively close to the north, also reached Norfolk Island. Archaeological investigation suggests that in the 13th or 14th century the island was settled by East Polynesian seafarers, either from the Kermadec Islands north of New Zealand, or from the North Island of New Zealand. Norfolk Island was uninhabited when first settled by Europeans, but evidence of earlier habitation was obvious. Main article: History of Norfolk Island Early settlement ![]() The pine is a key export for Norfolk Island, being a popular ornamental tree in Australia (where two related species grow), and also worldwide. Native to the island, the evergreen Norfolk Island pine is a symbol of the island and is pictured on its flag. In 1914 the UK handed Norfolk Island over to Australia to administer as an external territory. On 8 June 1856, permanent civilian residence on the island began when descendants of the Bounty mutineers were relocated from Pitcairn Island. The island served as a convict penal settlement from 6 March 1788 until, except for an 11-year hiatus between 15 February 1814 and 6 June 1825, when it lay abandoned. The first known settlers in Norfolk Island were East Polynesians but they had already departed when Great Britain settled it as part of its 1788 settlement of Australia. Norfolk Island is the main island in a group comprising the Australian external territory of Norfolk Island, situated in the Pacific Ocean between Australia and New Zealand approximately 692 km (430 mi) south of New Caledonia. ![]()
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